Fisheries Essay Answers (Paper 2 – 9:30 AM to 11:30 AM)
FISHERIES OBJ:
1-10: DCAACDDDAD
11-20: BBBCCBDBCA
21-30: BCCDDADBCB
31-40: CADADDCCCB
Number 1
(1ai)
-Fishing net-
(PICK ANY THREE)
(1) Rinse with clean water after each use to remove dirt and salt.
(2) Dry properly before storage to prevent mold or rot.
(3) Repair holes or tears promptly.
(4) Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
(5) Avoid dragging the net on rough surfaces.
(6) Disinfect regularly to prevent disease transfer.
(1aii)
-Canoes-
(PICK ANY THREE)
(1) Clean the canoe thoroughly after use.
(2) Apply protective paint or varnish to prevent rot (especially for wooden canoes).
(3) Store in a sheltered place, preferably raised off the ground.
(4) Check for and repair cracks or leaks immediately.
(5) Avoid overloading to prevent structural damage.
(6) Regularly inspect and replace worn-out parts (e.g., paddles or seats).
(1bi)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Sorting (based on size or species)
(ii) Washing/cleaning
(iii) Scaling and gutting
(iv) Salting or seasoning
(v) Drying, smoking, freezing, or boiling
(vi) Packaging
(vii) Storage
(1bii)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Smoking
(ii) Drying
(iii) Salting
(iv) Freezing
(v) Canning
(vi) Frying
(vii) Boiling
(1biii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) To extend shelf life
(ii) To prevent spoilage and waste
(iii) To maintain nutritional value
(iv) To ensure year-round availability
(vi) To improve market value and transportability
(vii) To reduce microbial contamination
Number 2
(2a)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Select a suitable site with good water supply and proper drainage.
(ii) Clear the area of any vegetation, debris, or obstacles.
(iii) Mark the boundaries of the pond and determine the shape and size.
(iv) Excavate the pond to the desired depth, ensuring proper sloping.
(v) Construct an inlet and outlet for water flow, ensuring proper drainage.
(vi) Line the bottom with clay or compact soil to prevent water leakage.
(vii) Fill the pond with water and allow it to settle for a few days.
(viii) Install aeration systems or water fountains if necessary.
(ix) Check for any leaks or issues and make necessary adjustments.
(x) Add appropriate fish species and ensure regular maintenance.
(2bi)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Clear the pond of debris, weeds, and any obstacles.
(ii) Level and shape the pond to ensure proper water distribution.
(iii) Fill the pond with water, ensuring a steady supply.
(iv) Test the water for quality, including pH, temperature, and oxygen levels.
(v) Apply lime to adjust pH levels if necessary.
(vi) Fertilize the pond to stimulate plankton growth for fish feed.
(vii) Install proper inlet and outlet systems for water flow and drainage.
(viii) Ensure the pond is free of predators and harmful organisms.
(ix) Allow the pond to settle for a few days before introducing fish.
(x) Stock the pond with appropriate fish species for the environment.
(2bii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Agricultural lime (calcium carbonate)
(ii) Quicklime (calcium oxide)
(iii) Hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide)
(iv) Dolomitic lime (calcium magnesium carbonate)
(v) Burnt lime
(vi) Slaked lime
(2c)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Reduces light penetration, affecting the growth of aquatic plants and plankton.
(ii) Decreases oxygen levels in the water, which can stress fish.
(iii) Impairs fish feeding behavior, as they rely on clear water to locate food.
(iv) Increases the risk of disease by limiting water quality and increasing pathogens.
(v) Causes sedimentation, which can clog gills and harm fish.
(vi) Reduces the overall aesthetic and environmental quality of the pond.
(2d)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Provide a balanced and nutritious diet to promote health and reproductive performance.
(ii) Ensure proper water quality, including maintaining appropriate temperature, pH, and oxygen levels.
(iii) Regularly check for diseases and parasites, and treat them promptly.
(iv) Maintain a proper breeding environment, including suitable breeding tanks or ponds.
(ii) Perform periodic health checks and remove any sick or weak fish.
(vi) Rotate or rest broodstock periodically to prevent overuse and ensure continued fertility.
(vii) Provide ample space for movement and reduce stress by avoiding overcrowding.
(viii) Manage breeding cycles to ensure the right timing for reproduction.
Number 3
(3ai)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) It is cost-effective or free compared to buying from hatcheries.
(ii) It provides genetic diversity in fish stock.
(iii) Wild fish seeds may be more resilient to diseases.
(iv) It supports local fish biodiversity.
(v) It reduces dependency on hatchery facilities.
(vi) It offers a natural selection of species suited to the local environment.
(3aii)
(i) Clarias gariepinus (African catfish)
(ii) Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)
(3bi)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Ensure good water quality (pH, oxygen level, clarity).
(ii) Maintain appropriate water temperature.
(iii) Acclimatize fish before releasing into the pond.
(iv) Check for the absence of predators in the pond.
(v) Stock at the recommended density.
(vi) Monitor fish health and behavior after stocking.
(3c)
Number of fish = 5,000
Average weight per fish = 200 g = 0.2 kg
Total weight = 5,000 × 0.2 = 1,000 kg
Feed rate = 4% of body weight = 4/100 × 1,000 = 40 kg
Since feeding is done twice daily, each feeding = 40/2 = 20 kg
Total daily feed required = 40 kg
(3d)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Water temperature
(ii) Fish species
(iii) Fish size and age
(iv) Water quality (e.g., dissolved oxygen, pH)
(v) Type and quality of feed
(vi) Fish health status
Number 4
(4a)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Foul or unpleasant odor
(ii) Murky or discolored water
(iii) High mortality rate in fish
(iv) Presence of algae blooms
(v) Low dissolved oxygen levels
(vi) Unusual fish behavior
(4b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Regular water change
(ii) Proper pond aeration
(iii) Avoid overfeeding
(iv) Proper waste management
(v) Use of water testing kits
(vi) Liming to stabilize pH
(vii) Filtration systems
(viii) Avoiding overcrowding of fish
(4ci)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Algae
(ii) Insects
(iii) Worms
(iv) Plankton
(v) Detritus
(vi) Aquatic plants
(4cii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Pellets
(ii) Crumbles
(iii) Mash
(iv) Flakes
(v) Dough
(vi) Extruded feed
(4di)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Broadcasting
(ii) Tray feeding
(iii) Hand feeding
(iv) Automated feeding
(v) Demand feeding
(vi) Feeding rings
(4dii)
35% to 45%
Question 5: [Answer loading…]
Fisheries Objective Answers (Paper 1 – 11:30 AM to 12:10 PM)
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